FMC225 Glossary

This section is a glossary of terms found in the FMC225 manual.

• AC/DC – Alternating Current/Direct Current
• ACC – Accessories
• AVL - Automatic vehicle location: means for automatically determining and transmitting the geographic location of a vehicle.
• AVL packet: Data packet which is being sent to the server during data transmission.
• APN - Access Point Name: the name of a gateway between 3GPP mobile network and Internet or another computer network.
• CAN - Controller Area Network: a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other in applications without a host computer.
• CNG - Compressed Natural Gas: methane stored at high pressure.
• COM port - serial communication interface that is used to transfer information to/from devices such as modems, terminals and various peripherals.
• DTC - Diagnostic Trouble Code
• ESP - Electronic Stability Program: is a technology that improves a vehicle's stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction (skidding).
• ETA - Estimated Time of Arrival
• FAP - Particulate Filter
• FOTA - Firmware-Over-The-Air
• GNSS – Global Navigation Satellite System: a system with global coverage that uses satellites to provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning.
• GPS – Global Positioning System: a worldwide satellite navigational system formed by 24 satellites orbiting the earth and their corresponding receivers on the earth.
• GPRS – General Packet Radio Service: a standard for wireless communications which runs at speeds up to 115 kilobits per second.
• GSM – Global System for Mobile Communications: one of the leading digital cellular systems. GSM uses narrowband TDMA, which allows eight simultaneous calls on the same radio frequency.
• I/O – Input/Output
• ICCID - Integrated Circuit Card Identifier: a unique serial number that is stored on the SIM card.
• IMEI - International Mobile Equipment Identity: is a unique number that is used to identify 3GPP mobile phones.
• LED - Light Emitting Diode
• MAC – Media Access Control. Hardware address which uniquely identifies each node of the network. In IEEE 802 networks, the Data Link Control (DCL) layer of the PSO Reference Model is divided into two sub-layers: the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer and the Media Access Control layer. The MAC layer interfaces directly with the network medium. Consequently, each different type of network medium requires a different MAC layer.
• MAF - Mass Airflow Sensor: a device used to measure the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine.
• NITZ - Network Identity and Time Zone: a mechanism for provisioning local time and date, time zone and DST offset, as well as network provider identity information, to mobile devices via a wireless network.
• NMEA: a data specification for communication between electronics such as echo sounder, sonars, anemometer, gyrocompass, autopilot, GPS receivers.
• NTP - Network Time Protocol: networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks.
• OBD - On-board Diagnostics: a vehicle's self-diagnostic and reporting capability, which gives access to the status of the various vehicle subsystems.
• PC – Personal Computer
• PCB - Printed Circuit Board
• PIN - Personal Identification Number
• RFID - Radio-Frequency Identification: a method that uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects.
• RPM - Engine Revolutions Per Minute
• RTC - Real-Time Clock
• SELV - Safety Extra Low Voltage: an electrical system in which the voltage cannot exceed 50 VAC or 120 VDC under normal conditions, and under single-fault conditions, including earth faults in other circuits.
• SMS – Short Message Service: the transmission of short text messages to and from a mobile phone, fax machine and/or IP address.
• SIM - Subscriber Identification Module: an integrated circuit card that is intended to securely store the information which is used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile telephony devices.
• TCP – Transmission Control Protocol – one of the main protocols in TCP/IP networks. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data. TCP guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees that packets will be delivered in the same order in which they were sent.
• TMO - Timeout
• UDP – User Datagram Protocol – a connectionless protocol that, like TCP, runs on top of IP networks. Provides very few error recovery services, offering instead a direct way to send and receive datagrams over IP network.

• Record – AVL data stored in FMB memory. AVL data contains GNSS and I/O information.