Changes

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Precise GNSS tracking might be physically not possible in certain environments, where the GNSS signal is unable to reach the tracking device. One example of such environment might be the inside of a large industrial warehouse, where the GNSS signal is attenuated by it's thich. If the precise position of a vehicle, such as a forklift is needed to be tracked inside of it, other additional measures need to be taken. Teltonika indoor tracking solution ensures indoor positioning in such environments by utilising eye beacons. Eye Beacons are interchangeable with Eye Sensors; it works in the same way as an Eye Beacon while also providing additional features, such as magnetic field detection, temperature and humidity reading. All of which help ensure proper warehouse conditions to prevent damage of goods. However, for regular indoor positioning, it is recommended to use Eye Beacons, as they ensure a longer battery life.

Precise GNSS tracking might be physically not possible in certain environments, where the GNSS signal is unable to reach the tracking device. One example of such environment might be the inside of a large industrial warehouse, where the GNSS signal is attenuated by it's walls. If the precise position of a vehicle, such as a forklift is needed to be tracked inside of it, other additional measures need to be taken. Teltonika indoor tracking solution ensures indoor positioning in such environments by utilising eye beacons. Eye Beacons are interchangeable with Eye Sensors; it works in the same way as an Eye Beacon while also providing additional features, such as magnetic field detection, temperature and humidity reading. All of which help ensure proper warehouse conditions to prevent damage of goods. However, for regular indoor positioning, it is recommended to use Eye Beacons, as they ensure a longer battery life.

==Solution description==

==Solution description==

First, BLE beacons are set up in an inside space, their position will remain fixed and they will serve as a known location reference. These beacons periodically broadcast a signal which is unique for each beacon containing the beacon’s ID. When any FM device configured for the solution receives a signal from a beacon, the relationship between the strength of this received signal (RSSI-Received signal strength Indicator) and transmitted signal strength (which is a constant for each beacon), will be proportional to the distance between them, as radio waves propagate according to the inverse square law. With several beacons, the position of configured FM devices can be calculated by various positioning algorithms, such as trilateration. These calculations are performed on the server side. Many FM devices can utilize the same Eye Beacons at the same time.  

First, BLE beacons are set up in an inside space, their position will remain fixed and they will serve as a known location reference. These beacons periodically broadcast a signal which is unique for each beacon containing the beacon’s ID. All FM devices can detect this broadcasted signal, therefore, many  FM devices can utilise the set up beacons for positioning simultaneously. Once a FM device configured for the solution receives a signal from a beacon, the relationship between the strength of this received signal (RSSI-Received signal strength Indicator) and transmitted signal strength (which is a constant for each beacon), will be proportional to the distance between them, as radio waves propagate according to the inverse square law. With several beacons detected by the FM device and having calculated the distance to each of them, the position of the configured FM device can be approximated by a positioning algorithm, such as trilateration. These calculations are performed on the server side.

[[File:Sketchasedit.png|Principle of operation]]

[[File:Sketchasedit.png|Principle of operation]]

==Beacon installation==

==Beacon installation==

The main challenge in using iBeacon or Eddystone signals for indoor positioning is the variance of RSSI readings due to their sensitivity to environment factors. These factors include obstruction of signal due to physical obstacles: walls, doors, metal objects. The inside of buildings is not free space, so accuracy is impacted by absorption and reflection from walls. Moving objects such as doors, vehicles, and people can pose an even greater issue, as they can affect the signal strength in unpredictable ways.

The main challenge in using iBeacon or Eddystone signals for indoor positioning is the variance of RSSI readings due to their sensitivity to environment factors. These factors include attenuation of signal due to physical obstacles: walls, doors, metal objects. The inside of buildings is not free space, so accuracy is impacted by absorption and reflection from walls. Moving objects such as doors, vehicles, and people can pose an even greater issue, as they can affect the signal strength in unpredictable ways.

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To maximise the accuracy of positioning, EyeBeacons should be installed on the walls, ceiling or racks and their position will remain fixed. Clear line of sight should be maintained for optimal coverage of the beacon signal. For best tracking coverage and accuracy results, beacons should be installed in such a way, that at least 3 beacon transmissions can be detected at any point of the indoor facility. The maximum open-field distance of beacon detection is 80m, however, indoor signal range will be smaller and depend on the configured transmitting power of the Eye beacon as well as layout of the facility. In general, the more beacons are set up, the higher the positioning accuracy.  

To maximise the accuracy of positioning, EyeBeacons should be installed on the walls, ceiling or racks and their position will remain fixed. Clear line of sight should be maintained for optimal coverage of the beacon signal. For best tracking coverage and accuracy results, beacons should be installed in such a way, that at least 3 beacon transmissions can be detected at any point of the indoor facility. The maximum open-field distance of EyeBeacon detection is 80 meters, however, indoor signal range will be smaller and depend on the configured transmitting power of the Eye beacon as well as layout of the facility. In general, the more beacons are set up, the higher the positioning accuracy.  

==Configuring FM device==

==Configuring FM device==

[[File:Indoortrackingsolution2.gif]]

[[File:Indoortrackingsolution2.gif]]

===Advanced Beacon Mode===

===Advanced Beacon Mode===

When advanced beacon mode is selected, beacon data capturing can be configured manually (AVL ID 548). This mode can prove useful in several scenarios. For example, advanced beacon mode could be used to read additional data, such as temperature or humidity from EyeSensors or monitoring beacons' battery voltage. A detailed description of advanced beacon mode can be found [https://wiki.teltonika-gps.com/view/Advanced_Beacon_Capturing_Configuration here].<br>

When advanced beacon mode is selected, beacon data capturing can be configured manually (AVL ID 548). This mode can prove very useful in several scenarios as it provides a very flexible and customisable method of capturing Beacon data. For example, advanced beacon mode could be used to read additional data, such as temperature or humidity from EyeSensors or monitoring beacons' battery voltage. A detailed description of advanced beacon mode can be found [https://wiki.teltonika-gps.com/view/Advanced_Beacon_Capturing_Configuration here].<br>

Advanced beacon mode can also be used for configuring the FM device to discover beacons based on their MAC address, instead of UUID:major:minor for iBeacon or namespace:instanceID for Eddystone.<br> Below is an example configuration for the FM device discovering EyeBeacons whose MAC addresses match the ones specified in beacon list and are using Eddystone protocol.<br>

Advanced beacon mode can also be used for configuring the FM device to discover beacons based on their MAC address, instead of UUID:major:minor for iBeacon or namespace:instanceID for Eddystone.<br> Below is an example configuration for the FM device discovering EyeBeacons whose MAC addresses match the ones specified in beacon list and are using Eddystone protocol.<br>

[[File:Indoortracking1.gif|Indoortracking1.gif]]

[[File:Indoortracking1.gif|Indoortracking1.gif]]